Wirasat Ki Taqseem Ka Tarika In Urdu - Islamic Law For Property Distribution In Urdu
Islami Qanoon Wirasat: Warisat ke bare mein zaroori maloomat / information complete details ke sath parhiye. Islam se pehle ke zamane mein Arab mein wirsa sirf mardon mein taqseem hota tha Islam har warish ka hisa muqarar karta hai aur wirasat ki bunyad qareebi rishtadari qarar deta hai na keh zaroorat mand ki zaroorat. Sunni aqeeday ke mutabiq Qurani ahkamat purane Arab dastoor ko rad nahin karte balkeh unhain sirf behtar banate hain takeh auraton ko bhi wirasat mein shamil kiya jaye jabkeh shia aqeeda is se mukhtalif hai.
Wirsa Taqseem Karne Se Pehle
Kafan dafan ke akhrajat nikal liye jayein sare qarz utar diye jayein jis mein udhar, mehr, zakat aur choray hue rozon ka kufara shamil hai.
Habah: Koi bhi cheez kisi ko bhi dene ki azadi - zindagi mein di gayi cheez wapas nahin li ja sakti.
Wasiyat: Ye zubani bhi ho sakti hai aur tehreeri bhi ye wirsay ki kul maqdar ka aik tahai tak ho sakti hai ye marne ke baad hi di jati hai aur warison ko nahin mil sakti.
Wirasat Ki Taqseem
Mard aur Aurat donon haqdar hote hain mard ka hisa aurat ke hisa ka 2 guna hota hai. (mardon par mehar aur khandan ki kafalat ki zumaidari hoti hai) Quran ne 6 tarah ka hisa muqarar kiya hai yani 1/8, ¼, ½, 1/6, 1/3, 2/3 kabhi kabhi aik warish ki mojodgi se dusre warish ke hisay par farq parta hai isay hijab kehte hain. Wirsa kam ho ya zayada taqseem karna lazim hai. Agar koi warish wirsa takseem hone se pehle mar jaye tou us ka hisa us ke warison ko milta hai. Sage bhai ko sagi behan se 2 guna milta hai isi tarah sage potay ko sagi poti se 2 guna milta hai. Aik baap se hone wale sotelay bhai behnon mein bhi bhai ko behan se 2 guna zayada milta hai magar aik maa se sotelay bhai behan ( uterine brother and uterine sister) ko barabar barabar milta hai. Islami law wirasat mein matwafi ke betay ka haq pehle hai phir matwafi ke baap ka phir matwafi ke bhai ka aur phir matwafi ke chacha ka.
Mustaqil Waris
In ko har surat mein hisa milta hai bashartay keh ye matwafi ki wafat ke waqt zinda hon.
Mustaqil Waris
In ko har surat mein hisa milta hai bashartay keh ye matwafi ki wafat ke waqt zinda hon.
- Shareek Hayat - Bewah: Aik se zayada ho sakti hain magar shohar aik hi ho sakta hai.
- Beta: Beta qanooni waris nahin hai.
- Beti - Daughter
- Baap - Father
- Maa - Mother
Dusre Waris
Inhain baaz surat hal mein hisa milta hai aur baaz surat hal mein nahin milta. Qareebi rishta dar ki mojoodgi mein door ke rishtadar ko hisa nahin milta jese betay ki mojodgi mein poton ka hisa nahin hota. Isi tarah baap ki mojoodgi mein bhai ko hisa nahin milay ga kyoun keh bhai se rishta baap ke natay hota hai. Agar aik bhi beta zinda hai tou kisi dusre maray hue betay ke bachon (yateem poton) ko hisa nahin milta.
Qurani Waris
Quran mein 9 tarah ke rishta daron (9 types of relatives) ka hisa bayan kiya gaya hai. faqhi qayas ki bunyad par 3 mazeed rishtadaron ka izafa kartay hain is tarah 12 rishta daron ko wirasat mein hisa mil sakta hai jin mein beta shamil nahin hai un mein se 4 mard hain baqi 4 aurtein.
- Baap
- Dada par dad ys us se bhi oper ka koi dada (qayas ki bunyad par)
- Shohar - Husband
- Biwi - Wife
- Beti
- Poti ya parpoti (qayas ki bunyad par)
- Sagi Behan - Sister
- Sage baap se soteli behan
- Sagi maa se soteli behan
- Sagi maa se sotela bhai
- Maa
- Nani (qayas ki bunyad par)
In ko jub hisa milna hota hai tou in ka hisa Quran mein tay shuda hai phir bache hue maal se dusron ko hisa milta hai maslan beton ko.
Yateem Potay Ki Wirasat
Yateem potay ki wirasat ke hawalay se kafi ikhtilaf paya jata hai. Khuch ulma aise yateem poton ko jin ka baap dada ki zindagi mein wafat pa gaya ho un ko dada ka baeedi rishta dar qarar dete hue waris se kharij samajhte hain. Khuch ulma ne yateem potay ko dada ki wirasat mein haq dar bataya hai.
Sharait
Waris ka marne wale / wali ki moot ke waqt zinda hona zaroori hai.
Lay palak bache ko virasat mein koi hisa nahin milta.
Najaiz aulad ka virasat mein koi hisa nahin hota. Kaneez se hone wali aulad jaez aur waris hoti hai.
Ghulam ka wirasat mein hisa koi nahin hota azad shuda ghulam waris ho sakta hai.
Kaneez agar matwafi ke bache ki maa ho tou bhi usay wirasat mein koi hisa nahin milta.
Agar biwi hamla hai tou pait mein mojod bache ka bhi wirasat mein hisa hota hai ba shartay keh woh zinda ho.
Betay ki mojoodgi mein us ke bachon (potay poti) aur beti ki mojodgi mein us ke bachon (nawasay nawasi) ko hisa nahin milta.
kafir ko Musalman aur Musalam ko kafir ki wirasat mumkin nahin hai.
Qatil agar maqtool ka waris bhi hai tou usay hisa nahin mile ga.
Lay palak bache ko virasat mein koi hisa nahin milta.
Najaiz aulad ka virasat mein koi hisa nahin hota. Kaneez se hone wali aulad jaez aur waris hoti hai.
Ghulam ka wirasat mein hisa koi nahin hota azad shuda ghulam waris ho sakta hai.
Kaneez agar matwafi ke bache ki maa ho tou bhi usay wirasat mein koi hisa nahin milta.
Agar biwi hamla hai tou pait mein mojod bache ka bhi wirasat mein hisa hota hai ba shartay keh woh zinda ho.
Betay ki mojoodgi mein us ke bachon (potay poti) aur beti ki mojodgi mein us ke bachon (nawasay nawasi) ko hisa nahin milta.
kafir ko Musalman aur Musalam ko kafir ki wirasat mumkin nahin hai.
Qatil agar maqtool ka waris bhi hai tou usay hisa nahin mile ga.
Wirsay Ki Taqseem Ke Baad
Wirsay ki taqseem ke baad khuch nahin bachna chahiye. Agar khuch bachta hai aur koi beta bhi nahin hai tou ye qareeb tareen rishta dar jo mard ho us ko milay ga. Agar sare hisay mil kar mojoda wirsay se bhi zayada ho jayein tou wirasat ka hisa aik hi tanasab se kam ho jaye ga. (aik hi maqdar se kam nahin ho ga)
Bachon Ka Hisa
Agar matwafi (marne wale / wali) ki aulad ya potay poti hain tou waldein (parents) mein se har aik ko chata hisa milay ga (yani waldain mein mard ko aurat ka 2 guna nahin milay ga). Baqiyah bachon aur dusre waris (biwi ya shohar) mein taqseem ho ga.
Aur agar matwafi ki aulad ya potay poti nahin hain aur dusra koi waris (biwi ya shohar) bhi nahin hai tou maa ko aik tahai aur baap ko 2 tahai mile ga.
Agar matwafi ki aulad nahin hai aur behan bhai hain (chahe woh baap ki taraf se hon ya maa ki taraf se) tou maa ka hisa chata hota hai.
Maa ka hisa maa na hone par nani ko aur baap na hone par dada ko milta hai.
Aur agar matwafi ki aulad ya potay poti nahin hain aur dusra koi waris (biwi ya shohar) bhi nahin hai tou maa ko aik tahai aur baap ko 2 tahai mile ga.
Agar matwafi ki aulad nahin hai aur behan bhai hain (chahe woh baap ki taraf se hon ya maa ki taraf se) tou maa ka hisa chata hota hai.
Maa ka hisa maa na hone par nani ko aur baap na hone par dada ko milta hai.
Shohar Biwi Ka Hisa
Agar biwi m-ar jaye aur uske bache yateem potay potiyan na hon (kisi bhi shohat se) tou shohar ko adha wirsa milay ga lekin agar us aurat ke bache yateem potay potiyan hon tou shohar ko chothai wirsa milay ga.
Agar shohar ka inteqal jo jaye aur uski aulad na ho tou wirsa ka chothai biwi ko milay ga aur agar aik se zayada biwiyan hon tou un mein barabar taqseem ho ga lekin agar shohar ki koi aulad hai tou biwi ka hisa athwan reh jaye ga.
Agar shohar ka inteqal jo jaye aur uski aulad na ho tou wirsa ka chothai biwi ko milay ga aur agar aik se zayada biwiyan hon tou un mein barabar taqseem ho ga lekin agar shohar ki koi aulad hai tou biwi ka hisa athwan reh jaye ga.
Bhai Behan Ka Hisa
Matwafi ke donon waldain agar zinda hon tou matwafi ke behan bhaiyon ko hisa nahin milta.
Quranic Verses on Inheritance - Wirasat Ke Bare Mein Ayaat -Wirasat Ki Taqseem In Quran
Quran ki sirf 3 Ayatain wirsa ki taqseem batati hain woh ye hain.
Wirasat Ki Taqseem Calculator Wirasat Ki Taqseem Ka Formula With Examples
Agar aik shakhs ka wirsa 1 lack rupee hai aur warison mein beta beti aur biwi hain tou biwi ko athwan hisa nahin 12500 rupee milain ge aur phir bachay hue 87500 rupee ke 3 hisay hon ge. Betay ko 2 hise yani 58333 aur beti ko 1 hisa yani 29166 rupee milain ge. Agar kisi khatoon ka worsa aik lack rupee hai aur warison mein beta beti aur shohar hai tou shohar ko chothai hisa yani 25000 rupee milain ge aur phir bache hue 75000 rupee ke 3 hisay hon ge. Betay ko 2 hise hani 50000 aur beti ko aik hisa yani 25000 rupee milain ge. Agar aik shakhs ka wirsa aik lack rupee hai aur warison mein beta beti biwi baap aur maa hain tou biwi ko athwan hisa yani 125500 rupee milain ge baap aur maa donon ko chata chata hisa yani baap ko 16666 aur maa ko 16666 rupee milain ge aur phir bache hue 54166 rupee ke 3 hisay hon ge. Betay ko 2 hison yani 36111 aur beti ko 1 hisa yani 18055 rupee milain ge yahan chunkeh baap zinda hai is liye dada dadi aur bhai behan ko khuch nahin mile ga chunkeh beta zinda hai is liye bhai behan aur potay poti ko khuch nahin milay ga. Chunkeh maa zinda hai is liye dadi aur nahin ko khuch nahin milay ga. Chunkeh beti zinda hai is liye nawasay ko khuch nahin mile ga.
Agar aik kalalah shakhs ka wirsa 100000 rupee hai aur warison mein aik biwi aur baap ki taraf se aik bhai aur aik behan hain tou biwi ko chothai hisa yani 25000 rupee milain ge aur phir bache hue 75000 rupee ke 3 hisay hon ge. Bhai (brother) ko 2 hisay yani 50000 aur behan ko 1 hisa yani 25000 rupee milain ge. Aik baap se hone wale sage aur sotelay bhai behan ke liye yehi hisa hai magar agar ye bhai aur behan donon maa ki taraf se hain tou biwi ka hisa tou 25000 rahe ga magar bhai aur behan donon ko 37500 aur 37500 rupee milain ge sage bhai ki mojodgi mein usi baap se sotelay bhai ka koi hisa nahin hota magar mushtark maa se sotelay bhai ka hisa chata hota hai baqi bacha hua sage bhai ka hota hai.
اگر کسی مرد یا عورت کی بیٹی ہی ان کی اکلوتی اولاد ہو تو پھر وراثت کا کیا اصول ہو گا؟
ReplyDelete