Urdu Afsanay Ka Irtiqa Afsana Nigari Ki Tareekh History Afsana Ki Tareef

Urdu Afsanay Ka Irtiqa: Urdu Afsana History

Ibtidaiya:

Ek Morakh Kya Kahe Kyoun Kar Kahan Paida Hoi
Mulk Mein Tareekh Se Pehle Zuban Paida Hoi
Puchna Tarikh Se Pehle Paidaesh Urdu Ka Haal
Kamsanon Se Hai Bazurgon Ki Wiladat Ka Sawal

Kahaniyan sunnay sunanay ka shoq dunya ke har mulk, har zamanay aur har qaum mein raha hai lekin mojooda afsana nigari ki umar abhi bohat thori hai. Is ki ibtida uniswien sadi mein amreeca mein hoi. Kahani ne mojooda afsane ke roop mein pehle pehal Allen ke yahan janam liya.
Angreezi zuban o adab ke shoq aur mutalia ne jahan urdu adbiyat mein aur bohat se rujhanat aur melanat ka izafa kiya hai wahan afsana nigari ki nayi sanf se bhi humain roshnas karaya hai.
Urdu afsanay ke bare mein urdu zuban o adab ke aik nihayat buland martaba naqad syed waseem waqar azeem sahab apne khayalat ka izhar mandraja zail alfaz mein karte hain.
"Afsana dusre fanoon lateefa ke muqablay mein zayada maqbool raha hai kyoun keh zayada logon ne isay fursat ke auqat ka behtareen mashghala qarar diya hai. Is ki wajah sirf yehi hai keh afsanay mein madi aur rohani kefiyaton ke aks dusre fanoon se kahin zayada nazar atay hain is mein zindagi zayada aur waziha ujagar hoti hai." 

Urdu Afsanay Ka Asateeri Pas-e-Manzar: 

Afsana fanoon lateefa ki aik bari nazuk shakh hai aur urdu adab mein apni aik alag hesiyat rakhti hai. Urdu zuban mein afsanwi adab aur dastan aur kahaniyon ki surat mein bohat qadeem arsay se mojood hai. Bagh o bahar, fasana, ajaib, fasana azad, fasana mubtala, ranikhet ki kahani, araesh gul aur tota kahani mein afsanwi adab ke anasar mojood nazar atay hain. Hum isay afsanwi adab (fidim) keh sakte hain lekin jadeed afsana hargiz hargiz qarar nahin de sakte.

Mukhtasir afsaney ne aik sanaf adab ki hesiyat se beeswien sadi ke bilkul shuru mein janam liya. Us waqt se lay kar ab tak itni shaklain badli hain keh adab ka mutalia karne wale ke liye ye surat hal darja ghair mamooli bhi hai aur herat angez bhi.

Urdu mein afsana naweesi ka sang e bunyad tou haqeeqat mein us din par gya tha jub se azad ki nerang khayal manzar aam par ayi lekin jadeed afsana nigari ke khaliq munshi prem chand hain. Un ke sath sultan haider josh aur sajad haider shamil hain un ke afsanay parhne ke baad ehsas hota hai keh afsaney ne apni zindagi ke bilkul ibtidai dor mein sanf adab ki hesiyat se 2 cheezain seekhien.

1: Zindagi Se Gehra Taluq Rakhna.
2: Zindagi se taluq qaim rakhne aur us ke taqazay pure karne ke liye jis had tak mumkin ho fan o wasail se kaam laina.

Jadeed Urdu Afsane Ki Ibtida: 

Jadeed afsana nigari jo kayi dusri asnaf adab ki tarah adab ke asrat ki wajah se urdu adab mein shamil hoi hai. Woh itni purani nahin hai jadeed afsana nigari ki umar urdu adab mein qareeb qareeb 70 - 80 saal hai kyoun keh mojooda sadi ki ibtida se zara pehle urdu zuban mein angreezi adab se mutasir ho kar chand afsane tarjama (translation) kiye gaye aur is tarah kaha ja sakta hai keh munshi prem chand, sajad haider aur sultan josh urdu zuban ke jadeed afsana nigar hain.

Prem chand urdu afsane ke pehle mamar janay jatay hain unhon ne hamari zindagi ko afsanay ka mozo banaya waqfiyat aur haqeeqat nigari ko farogh diya. Samajhi masail hal karne ki koshish ki.

Afsanwi Tamseelat: 

Mir Nasir Ali ne chand tamseeli kahaniyan likien jo sada-e-aam mein shaya hoien. Unhain afsana tou nahin keh sakte lekin is amar se bhi inkar mumkin nahin keh yehi kahaniyan urdu afsanwi adab ki nayi manzilon aur ibtidai rahon ke ibtidai nishanat wazeh kar gayi.

Romanwi Riwayat - Romantic Afsana Nigari:

Sajad Haider ne urdu afsaney ko fikar o fan ke aitbar se aik naya ahang bakhsha aur haqeeqaton aur takheel ki ameezish se zindagi ka naya rang tameer kiya. Aap ne romaniyat ko apne afsanon ka mozu banaya.